Introduction and Workflow
- SNP-based genotyping identifies single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome, offering insights into genetic diversity, disease associations, and trait inheritance. It is widely applied in population genetics, evolutionary biology, and plant and animal breeding.
Types of SNP-Based Genotyping using technique:
- 1PCR:
Utilizes PCR to amplify DNA regions containing SNPs, relying on allele-specific primers, probes, or melting curve differences for SNP detection.
Examples: TaqMan Assay, KASP, ARMS-PCR, qPCR, High-Resolution Melting (HRM). - 2Microarray:
Employs DNA microarrays to detect and analyze SNPs across the genome using hybridization with oligonucleotide probes specific to SNP loci.
Examples: Affymetrix GeneChips, Illumina Infinium Arrays, SNPlex, Axiom Array Platforms, MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Arrays. - 3NGS:
Uses Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) for high-resolution, high-throughput SNP detection and analysis.
Examples: Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS), Exome Sequencing, Targeted Sequencing, Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS), Double Digest Restriction-site Associated DNA (ddRAD) Sequencing.